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David William Donald Cameron (; born 9 October 1966) is a British politician who has served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom since 2010, as Leader of the Conservative Party since 2005 and as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Witney since 2001.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=David Cameron )〕 Cameron studied Philosophy, Politics and Economics (PPE) at Brasenose College, Oxford. He then joined the Conservative Research Department and became special adviser, first to Norman Lamont and then to Michael Howard. He was Director of Corporate Affairs at Carlton Communications for seven years. Cameron first stood for Parliament in Stafford in 1997. He ran on a Eurosceptic platform, breaking with his party's then-policy by opposing British membership of the single European currency, and was defeated by a swing close to the national average. He was first elected to Parliament in the 2001 general election for the Oxfordshire constituency of Witney. He was promoted to the Opposition front bench two years later and rose rapidly to become head of policy co-ordination during the 2005 general election campaign. With a public image of a youthful, moderate candidate who would appeal to young voters, he won the Conservative leadership election in 2005. Following the election of a hung parliament in the 2010 general election, Cameron became Prime Minister as the leader of a coalition between the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats.〔 The 43-year-old Cameron became the youngest Prime Minister since Lord Liverpool in 1812, beating the record previously set by Tony Blair in May 1997. He was re-elected as Prime Minister in the 2015 general election with the Conservatives winning a surprise parliamentary majority for the first time since 1992, despite consistent predictions of a second hung parliament. He is the first Prime Minister to be re-elected immediately after serving a full term with an increased popular vote share since Lord Salisbury in 1900 and the only Prime Minister other than Margaret Thatcher to be re-elected immediately after a full term with a greater share of the seats. Cameron's premiership has been marked by the ongoing effects of the late-2000s financial crisis leading to a large deficit in government finances, which his government has emphasised the need to reduce through austerity measures. His administration introduced large-scale changes to welfare, immigration policy, education and healthcare, by introducing the Welfare Reform Act of 2012, the Education Act of 2011, the Health and Social Care Act of 2012 and a range of immigration reforms from 2010 onwards, culminating in the Immigration Act of 2014. In 2011, Cameron became the first British Prime Minister to 'veto' an EU treaty. His government introduced a nationwide referendum on voting reform in 2011 and a Falkland Islands sovereignty referendum in 2013, agreed to a Scottish independence referendum in September 2014 (which resulted in a 'No' to independence majority), legalised same-sex marriages in England and Wales, and met the United Nations target of spending at least 0.7% of GNI on aid to developing countries. In 2013, Cameron promised an 'In/Out' referendum on the UK's membership of the European Union before the end of 2017, after a period of renegotiation, if the Conservatives were to gain a majority in the 2015 general election; the referendum was legislated following their victory. == Family == David Cameron is the younger son of stockbroker Ian Donald Cameron (12 October 1932 – 8 September 2010) and his wife Mary Fleur (''née'' Mount, born 1934,〔〕 a retired JP and daughter of Sir William Mount).〔''Debrett's Peerage 2011'', p. B 714.〕 Cameron's parents were married on 20 October 1962.〔 Cameron was born in Marylebone,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=David William D Cameron )〕 London and brought up at Peasemore, Berkshire. Cameron has a brother, Alexander Cameron (born 1963, a barrister and QC),〔 〕 and two sisters, Tania Rachel (born 1965) and Clare Louise (born 1971).〔 His father, Ian, was born at Blairmore House near Huntly, Aberdeenshire, and died near Toulon, France on 8 September 2010; Ian was born with both legs deformed and underwent repeated operations to correct them. Blairmore was built by Cameron's great-great-grandfather, Alexander Geddes, who had made a fortune in the grain trade in Chicago and returned to Scotland in the 1880s.〔Clark, Ross (26 January 2002). ("Highlands for the high life" ). ''The Daily Telegraph'' (London). Retrieved 4 September 2007.〕 Cameron has said: "On my mother's side of the family, her mother was a Llewellyn, so Welsh. I'm a real mixture of Scottish, Welsh and English". He has also referenced the German-Jewish ancestry of his maternal great-grandfather.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=David Cameron: Jewish Care )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=David Cameron tells Israelis about his Jewish ancestors )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「David Cameron」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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